Research Article
Efficacy of some Antibiotics against Streptococcus Mutans Associated with Tooth decay in Children and their Mothers
1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen, Yemen
2Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen, Yemen
Received Date: April 13, 2019; Published Date: May 16, 2019
Abstract
Background:Dental caries is recognized as one of the most infectious diseases worldwide and Mutans streptococci (MS) have been commonly associated as major cariogenic bacteria.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify and determine the antibiogram profile of Streptococcus mutans associated with tooth mutans associated with tooth decay in children and their mothers.
Methods: The dental plaque samples were collected from caries active subjects children group (aged 2-5 years) and mother group (aged 35-44 years) at dental clinics of Sana’a University in Sana’a city, Yemen. S. mutans identified by standard bacteriological methods and 87 clinical isolates S. mutans form mothers and 87 clinical isolates S. mutans from children were tested for antibiogram profile. Antibiogram profiling was performed to determine the susceptibility of 6 β-Lactam antibiotics (penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, cefazolin and methicillin) and 4 non β-Lactam antibiotics (erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin and vancomycin) by disc diffusion method.
Results: Ampicillin, cefotaxime cefazolin, methicillin and clindamycin were the most effective antibiotics against S. mutans isolates and resistance rate for them do not exceed 2.3%. The highest resistance rates were against erythromycin (24.1%), lincomycin (28.7%) followed by penicillin (14.9% in children S. mutans isolates) and amoxicillin (14.9% in mother S. mutans isolates).
Conclusion: The study demonstrates significant levels of penicillin, erythromycin, amoxicillin, clindamycin and lincomycin-resistance in S. mutans clinical isolates in dental patients. Further study is required to know the minimum inhibitory concentration of β-Lactam and non β-Lactam antibiotics. These results also, call for improved the assessment of antibiotic susceptibility testing during prophylaxis. The alternative of antibiotic such as herbal extract is most likely preferable for the coming years to avoid the upcoming bacterial resistance to the antibiotics.
Keywords:Antibiotic susceptibility testing; Streptococcus mutans associated with tooth mutans; Dental caries; Children; Mothers
