Effectiveness of Soft Tissue Mobilization with Rolling Devices Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching for Increasing Hamstring Muscle Flexibility in College-Aged Athletic Population

Background and purpose: Foam rolling is a commonly used technique for increasing soft tissue extensibility especially after injury, but little research exists to showcase its effectiveness to date. The purpose of this article was to assess the effect of soft tissue mobilization with roller devices compared to PNF stretching on hamstring muscle flexibility.

Methods: A literature search of Medline and Cinahl Plus was conducted to identify potential studies (published through October 2014).

Findings: 12 articles met inclusion criteria (4 related to soft tissue mobilization with roller devices, 8 related to PNF stretching). No studies provided a direct comparison of soft tissue mobilization with roller devices and PNF stretching. All 8 studies related to PNF stretching report significant improvement in hamstring flexibility following intervention. 3 of 4 studies related to soft tissue mobilization with roller devices reported hamstring flexibility improvement.

Clinical relevance: Soft tissue mobilization with roller devices and PNF stretching are both common techniques in physical therapy practice. Physical therapists should be familiar with expected outcomes and supporting evidence regarding these interventions as many patients require improved flexibility.

Keywords: Stretching; Foam roller; Range of motion; Massage; Muscle tightness