Assessment of Bacterial Contamination at the Time of
Embryo Transfer, and its Impression on the in-vitro
Fertilization / Pregnancy Outcome, in Sana’a City,
Yemen

Abdullah AD Al-Rukeimi; Nojood Ali Jamial; Hassan A Al Shamahy; Taghreed Hussein Al Falahi; Ahmed Mohamed Al Hadad; Khaled Abdulkarim Al Moyed

Research Article

Assessment of Bacterial Contamination at the Time of Embryo Transfer, and its Impression on the in-vitro Fertilization / Pregnancy Outcome, in Sana’a City, Yemen

Abdullah AD Al-Rukeimi^1,2, Nojood Ali Jamial³, Hassan A Al Shamahy³*, Taghreed Hussein Al Falahi³, Ahmed Mohamed Al Hadad⁴ and Khaled Abdulkarim Al Moyed³

¹Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Saudi Hajjah Hospital, Hajjah city, Yemen

²Department of community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Yemen

³Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Republic of Yemen

⁴Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hadhramout University, Republic of Yemen

Corresponding Author

Received Date: April 08, 2019; Published Date: April 18, 2019

Abstract

Background: In spite of advances in the field of assisted reproductive techniques including in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), the pregnancy rate remained low. One of the major events in fertility is implantation process. One of the most important negative factors affecting implantation and pregnancy outcome is introduction of normal flora or potential pathogens of vagina or cervical region into uterus during embryo transfer.

Objectives: This study was designed to determine the most contaminants bacteria and examine the effect of bacterial contamination on in-vitro fertilization treatment outcomes.

Methods: A prospective clinical trial was carried out during a period of 12 months, starting in October 2016 and ending in September 2017. 162 patients aged 23–38 years, mean 32.4±5.7, undergoing IVF treatment were selected for this study. Catheter tip samples were collected poster embryo transfer, cut off and cultured to identify any bacteria present by bacterial standard methods.

Results: The pregnancy rate of the 162 studied women was 54.32% (positive B-hcg) and 45.68% had pregnancy failure (negative B-hcg). The highest positive pregnancy rate occurred in age group 26-29 years (63%). The most contaminants bacteria were Staphylococcus coagulase negative (21.4%), Non-hemolytic streptococci (17.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.9%) and E. coli (14.3%). The pregnancy rates did not differ significantly between the positive and negative bacterial growth, but significant decreased pregnancy rate was observed in patients who are positive to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and E. coli.

Conclusion: Bacterial colonization of the ET catheter tip particularly with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli is associated with a reduction in the clinical pregnancy rate. Usefulness of routine cervical swab; microscopy, culture, and sensitivity at preparation of patients for IVF–ET treatment is suggested.

Keywords: Bacterial contamination; Embryo transfer; IVF/ Pregnancy outcome; Sana’a Yemen

Article Details

Citation

Al-Rukeimi A AD, Jamial NA, Al Shamahy HA, Al Falahi TH, Al Hadad AM, Al Moyed KA. Assessment of Bacterial Contamination at the Time of Embryo Transfer, and its Impression on the In-Vitro Fertilization / Pregnancy Outcome, in Sana’a City, Yemen. W J Gynecol Women’s Health. 2(2): 2019 WJGWH.MS.ID.000533.