Open Access Review Article

Review of Mechanical Bar Couplers for Splicing Precast Concrete Members

Vitor Silva1*, Isabel Ramos2, J Agostinho Moreira3 and Manuel B Marques4

1Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitario Sao Joao, EPE, Oporto, Portugal.

2Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal

3Department of Physics and Astronomy, IFIMUP and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto.

4Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto; INESC-TEC, Institute of Computer Systems Engineering - Technology and Science

Corresponding Author

Received Date:January 04, 2021;  Published Date: January 21, 2021

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging is a medical technique widely accepted in Medicine. It raises new questions and paradigms to safety standards. Magnetic resonance imaging uses three types of electromagnetic fields for its operation: a static magnetic fields, time-varying gradient fields and radiofrequencies fields. With new technology, static magnetic fields used in magnetic resonance will increase its field strength. So, the introduction of safety zones and standards in magnetic resonance is vital for better practices. American College of Radiology introduced four conceptual safety zones with personnel entrance restrictions Zone 1 includes areas freely accessed. Zone 2 is where patients and other non-MRI personnel are screened before entering the following two zones. Zone 3 has total supervision of MRI personnel and it is the transition for the entrance to the equipment room - zone 4. Patients with implantable medical devices must be well screened before undergo to magnetic resonance examination, due to potential effects and hazards from the different electromagnetic fields used in magnetic resonance imaging. So, better knowledge on safety zones and different standards are vital for safety practices both for patients and workers.

Keywords: Magnetic resonance; Occupational; Safety zones; Standards

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