Mini Review
Dependence and Tolerance in Opioid Abusers
Received Date: July 03, 2019; Published Date: July 31, 2019
Abstract
Tolerance to opioids is based on receptor internalization, desensitization and down-regulation. Receptor desensitization is the result of G proteins uncoupling from the receptor due to b-arrestin binding. B-arrestin-2 gene deletion leads to attenuated tolerance to morphine analgesic effects. Decreasing in receptor density leads to down-regulation of the opioid receptor. Dynamin mediates the uncoupled opioid receptors internalization below the surface of the plasma membrane.
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