The Impact of Patient & System Specific Variables on Mortality Post Hip Fracture – A Mini Review

Background: Hip fractures are common, costly and topical due to recent improvements in care secondary to national registries. Whilst each patient experiencing hip fracture is different, they share many variables. These variables can contribute to the individual’s mortality risk, knowledge of which can highlight increased risk variables with care then organized to mitigate for same

Design: Narrative literature review using PubMed and Google Scholar

Results: 5 variables were reviewed.

• Gender; males mortality risk is approximately twofold compared to females,

• Age; HR 1.51 with increasing age, OR 2.11 for those aged 75-84 and OR 4.10 for those >85 years vs those aged 65-74 years,

• Nursing Home Residency; increased OR 3.56 & RR 3.24 with regards to mortality,

• Time-to-Surgery; the evidence remains conflicting and

• Weekend Effect; the evidence is heterogenous and more studies are required.

Conclusion: This study highlights male gender, increasing age and nursing home admission source as high risk admission variables for mortality in the hip fracture cohort. Further studies are required to delineate the true impact of time-to-surgery and the weekend effect.