Present And Future of Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Rheumatology

This review is focused the evolution of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their clinical applications in rheumatology. MSCs have significant properties immunomodulatory by suppressing T- and B-cell proliferation, dampening the generation of mature myeloid dendritic cells, and inhibiting the proliferation, cytokine production and cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells, and they have the capacity to engulf apoptotic cells. This work addresses the results in vitro and in vivo research on the current clinical applications of MSCs in rheumatology, as well as surface markers, cell culture techniques, regenerative properties, and immunomodulatory mechanisms of MSCs, as well as the practical limitations of the last nineteen years (2002 to 2021). MSCs have many clinical applications as well as isolation sources, and with very varied clinics results. Undoubtedly there is still much to discover about their clinical applications and the management of autoimmune diseases, but MSCs continue to represent valuable source for developing of new therapies for the treatment of rheumatologic diseases.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cell, Properties immunomodulatory, Rheumatology