Impact of Hospitalization on Patients’ Mental Health

Prolonged hospital stays can be extremely upsetting for patients regardless of age whether it’s about the apprehension and vulnerability about one’s health condition or the disarray and seclusion of the hospital setting [1,2]. Besides, the pressure of hospitalization can be significantly more harmful to the emotional well-being of a patient [3,4]. Based on a recent study, it has been reported that cognitive decline dramatically increases after a hospital stay among elderly patients, adversely influencing their mental and emotional wellness [5,6]. The stress and disengagement that comes from the medical setting and an adjustment of commonality can have a drawn-out impact, making it harder to recuperate after the stay [7,8]. Thus, extended period of hospitalization is more upsetting and harming for elderly patients [9]. Therefore, as a result, it is important for clinical practitioners to comprehend how hospitalization affects patients’ up close and personal state [10]. To help patients during these times, medical experts ought to make and focus on specific mediations. There aren’t numerous examinations that gander at and pinpoint how hospitalization affects patients’ emotional states and mental prosperity as adults [11,12]. Hence, with a significant spotlight on adult patients, this review aims to assess the outcomes of hospitalization on patients’ emotional state and mental prosperity.

Repetitive utilization of in patients’ treatment is common event between patients with mental disorders and temperament jumble including substance use problems call for high risk of degenerate, which might portray an intermittent hospitalization [13,14]. Patients with psychological issues account for high hospitalization rates as these patients require critical clinical care [15,16]. And if such issues are accompanied with physical ailments such as associated diabetes, cardiac issues, pneumonia etc. can impact entry and challenge the scope of essential assurance to offer satisfactory medical support resulting in prolonged hospitalization ultimately exceeded medical expenses [17,18]. High hospitalization rates due to chronic illness or serious health condition were associated with numerous accompanying factors including psychological disturbances, depression, anxiety, and behavioral changes [19,20].

Additionally, higher hospitalization was related with progressing age, one of the inclining factors and having health insurance coverage as an empowering factor [21,22]. Other less studied factors include progression of care and access to specialized ambulatory and primary care services [23]. Considering how frequently patients were owned up to clinics for ailments throughout the span of a year might help us to fathom the current mental state of the patients since their previous hospital stay [24]. The general impact of hospitalization on adults weather was for emotional wellness or actual wellbeing issues, might be perceived by looking at the risk factors of hospitalization [25,26]. Nevertheless, long term therapeutics are recognized to be a part of treatment and recuperation in psychological well-being care organizations [27,28]. Early investigations recommended that health protection and advancement ought to take need over the distinguishing and the executives of illness, and that the hospital environment extensive mental impacts on both staff and patients ought to be considered [29,30]. Limited studies have been conducted to acknowledge the impact of physical environment in hospitals on the mental health of patients [31]. Thus, thorough examination would help not only the gaps in medical care but also to improve the psychological behaviour of admitted patients for their mental health wellbeing [32,33].

During Covid-19 pandemic, rate of hospitalization skyrocketed abruptly all over the world, a high percentage of the affected hospitalized Covid patients experienced high incidence of serious anxiety and depression disorders [34,35]. Besides other contributing factors were stress related to separation from loved ones and financial deprivation lead to the development of psychiatric symptoms among the affected hospitalized individuals [36,37]. Depression is one of the primary causes of disability, and it has been assessed that anxiety and depressive disorders have a combined annual negative economic impact of $1 trillion on the world economy [38]. Hospitalized patients suffer from psychological problems even after recovery and in most cases is associated with distress and emotional imbalance interfering with their normal functioning [39]. It has been archived that patients with mental issues experience extreme symptoms including functional insufficiency, diminished personal satisfaction, more noteworthy expenses, and expanded utilization of clinical benefits. Hospitalization of an individual doesn’t only affects his or her mental health but may eventually began to affect their physical health as well by exhibiting symptoms including anorexia or loss of appetite, exhaustion or lack of energy, trouble concentrating, and a general slowing of motor activity (psychomotor retardation) etc. However, it is still unclear how to apply diagnostic standards intended to identify a patient’s mental health at the time of hospitalization and after recovery.

Thus, hospitalized patients do experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, mood swings etc. and even after recovery they exhibit such symptoms indicating that their mental health needs care and medical attention.

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