Open Access Review Article

Lithium Action in the Treatment of Mania Episodes

Alcimar Tamir Vieira da Silva¹, Bruna Michele Soares Santana¹, Emerson de Souza Bezerra¹, Alanne Renaly Mota Rodrigues¹, Poliana Leite Neiva¹, Arthur da Silva Gouveia Lima¹, José Diogo dos Santos Gondim², Laura Maria de Araújo Pereira¹, Talyta Valéria Siqueira do Monte³, Janaina Angelo Rufino4, Juscelino Kubitschek Bevenuto Silva¹, Áquila Matheus de Souza Oliveira¹, Hallysson Douglas Andrade de Araújo5, José Guedes da Silva Júnior¹*

1Mauricio de Nassau - Campina Grande Central University

2Secretaria de Municipal de Saude - Serrita – PE

3Secretaria de Saúde - Pedras de Fogo - PB

4Secretaria de Saúde - Cedro – PE

5Federal University of Pernambuco

Corresponding Author

Received Date: September 08, 2020;  Published Date: November 02, 2020

Introduction: Lithium is a chemical element found in magmatic rocks. Although these rocks have been with us since the beginning, only in 1940 did John Frederick Joseph Cade propose the following hypothesis: Manic episodes are triggered by changes in uric acid in the human body, with the use of lithium, cause reduced excitability. Getting success. After fifty years of use, lithium carbon is still an effective treatment for Bipolar Affective Disorder (TAB) and is recognized as an excellent mood stabilizer.

Objectives: This work aims to conduct a panoramic study of the use of lithium in the treatment of BTA, to investigate psychopharmacological uses, clinical management and its role in the human body. In addition to pharmacological performance observations, it also tries to understand the efficacy and therapeutic effects.

Discourse and results: The DSM-IV, aims to describe the most common characteristics, the most diverse symptoms of the most diverse Mental Disorders, dividing itself in a simple but complete way. The DSM-IV diagnosis of Mania requires an understanding of the following issues: abnormally high, expansive or irritable mood lasting at least a week.Lithium has many effects on neurotransmitters. In TAB, it causes complex effects, regulating the balance between the excitatory and inhibitory effects of several neurotransmitters, including serotonin, norepinephrite, glutamate, gamma aminobutyric acid and dopamine.Behavioral sensitivity or reverse tolerance occurs when a medication or other type of drug increases its effect with chronic use, unlike most medications that have the opposite effect.

Conclusion: Finally, the positive role of lithium in the treatment of BD has been confirmed by several randomized clinical studies, among which, lithium has more prominent advantages in preventive treatment, thus preventing the recurrence of Mania and depression. Like all drugs, the use of lithium can bring conflicts and risks during use. Although it has been used for a long time, there are still many issues to be discussed regarding this drug. For the mental health professional, it is important to guide their patients about the disease and the use of the medication.

Keywords: Cerebral venous thrombosis; Cerebral perfusion; Arterial spin labeling; Adverse outcome; Prognosis

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