Clinical Case of Magnetite Nanoparticles (Micromage-B) Application in Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious neurological problem because of its high prevalence, chronic course, frequent disability, and propensity to affect young people. The immunopathogenesis hypothesis underlies the origin of MS. Selective sorption activity of biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles against surface proteins of cell membranes, circulating immune complexes, lymphocytotoxic antibodies, complement system, the effect of increasing phagocytic activity and leukocyte phagocytosis completion index allows the effective use of these nanodevices for immunocorrection. The main goal of the study is to slow down the progression of MS, improve the neurological status and general condition of the patient, and reduce the dynamics of the spread of demyelinating foci in the brain. Materials and methods: a patient diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, secondary progressive type of course, cerebro-spinal form, clinical aggravation stage; EDSS neurological status and disability assessment scales; contrast-enhanced MRI of the brain. An oral form of the nanodevice Micromage-B was used as an immunosorbent and immunomodulator. The choice of the regimen and dosage of Micromage-B was personalized. Assessment of the general condition and neurological status was performed every 7 days for 6 months. Contrast-enhanced MRI of the brain was performed at the 5th month of the study. As a result of using Micromage-B in MS treatment, objective improvement of neurological status, reduction of stiffness and rapid fatigability of the lower extremities were observed. Gait and coordination improved, hand tremors decreased, depression and signs of concentration disorders disappeared, appetite restored, and speech improved. During the entire period of Micromage-B application, positive dynamics in the normalization of the neurological status was observed. After 6 months of treatment, the total score dropped by 165 to 35. It was found that the maximum positive effect was observed in the evaluation of the pyramidal system and coordination. The EDSS Disability Scale score decreased from 6.0 to 5.0. Contrast-enhanced MRI brain examination for the first time showed a decrease in the number of new foci of demyelination in the brain by the 4th month of Micromage-B administration. The positive dynamics of normalization of the neurological status correlated with the results of brain MRI. The process of recovery of central nervous system activity in MS is not only due to the immunosuppressive properties of magnetite nanoparticles, but is probably caused by the activation of remyelination mechanisms and oligodendrocyte differentiation through enzymatic methylation. Considering the above, the use of biocompatible nanodevices in the complex treatment of MS is a promising direction. The scheme and method of using biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles to improve the effectiveness of MS treatment require further improvement and study.

Keywords:Multiple sclerosis; Treatment; Nanodevice; Micromagе-B; Neurological status assessment; Remyelination